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Otoshchajushchie of the additive are entered into structure of ceramic weight for fall of plasticity and reduction air and fire usadki glin. In quality otoshchajushchih additives use shamot, degidratirovannuju clay, sand, ashes TES, the granulated slag. форум о строительстве
Shamot is a granular ceramic material (with grains of 0,14-2 mm), received by crushing of the clay preliminary burnt at the same temperature at which products burn. It can be received, crushing a waste of the burnt brick. SHamot improves sushilnye and obzhigovye properties glin, therefore it apply to reception of high-quality products - an obverse brick, ogneuporov etc.
Degidratirovannaja clay at temperature 700-750°С, added in number of 30-50%, improves sushilnye properties of a raw and appearance of a brick.
(With grains of 0,5-2 mm) add Sand in number of 10-25%, at bolshej to the sand additive durability and frost resistance of pottery decreases.
The Granulated slag (with grains to 2 mm) is effective otoshchitelem glin by brick manufacture.
The Role otoshchitelej carry out also ashes TES and burning out additives. Burning out additives: wood sawdust (brown coals, a waste ugleobogatitelnyh factories, ashes TES and lignin) not only raises porosity stenovyh pottery, but also promotes uniform sintering of a ceramic crock. Thanks to it the percent nedozhoga decreases.
The Big effect achieve, combining various additives. For example, lignin (a withdrawal of manufacture of wood spirit) combine with sawdust or coal, raising treshchinostojkost products in drying and roasting.
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